| Architects Guide to Stainless Steel (SCI-P179) |
| Description | This resource provides information on the design, specification, manufacture and maintenance of stainless steel architectural components. The ‘Design and Technology’ section includes structural and performance information on stainless steel and reviews production and finishing techniques. The ‘Case Studies’ section provides numerous examples of the contemporary use of stainless steel in architecture. In each case the design criteria, finish, joining techniques, structural drawings and images for the stainless steel element are described and presented. The Appendices summarise the standards relating to stainless steel, the mechanical and physical properties the product range and the finish designation
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| Date | 1997 |
| Provider | SCI |
| Download | En |
| Architectural Integration of Solar Roofs |
| Description | This resource contains a series of case studies demonstrating the applications of ‘AS’ solar roof panels, which are unglazed alternatives to conventional solar collectors. These panels are made up of 2 stainless steel sheets (EN grade 1.4301), of which the exterior sheet has a selective coating of black chrome, which turns it into an efficient heat absorber. Firstly the advantages of solar power and the uses of the AS panels are discussed such as the production of sanitary hot water (SHW) before case studies from the categories: Swimming pools and sports centres, Housing, Private houses and Special projects. Each case study provides information and images on the AS panels found on the structure, indicating the energy benefits they provide and the ease of use in comparison to conventional panels.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | En |
| Armada Platform Accommodation Modules |
| Description | The Armada Platform is operated by BG Group and exploits three gas and condensate fields in the Central North Sea, 250 km east of Aberdeen. It comprises a four legged steel spaceframe jacket supporting a single integrated deck containing wellhead, process and accommodation facilities. The living facilities on the platform required extending to accommodate 59 personnel. Four blast and fire rated accommodation modules and two walkway modules linking the new modules to the existing accommodation were added to the platform in 2009. The structural cladding of these modules was corrugated stainless steel.
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| Date | 2010 |
| Provider | Team Stainless |
| Download | En |
| Australian Coastal Defence |
| Description | This resource is a case study on stainless steel fencing separating a swimming pool from the adjacent Pacific Ocean. It contains information and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the performance of the finished product after construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance. Both grade EN 1.4401 and 1.4301 were specified in a highly corrosive coastal and hot environment. Grade EN 1.4301 which was used for the posts shows pitting and discolouration while the 1.4401 retains a smooth finish with only discolouration around the weld zones.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Barcelona Coastal Curtain Wall |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel exterior found on the Mapfre Office Tower in Barcelona, Spain, built in 1992 for the Olympics Games. The structure is located right on Barcelona’s coast meaning high levels of sea salt and moisture in the air make the area highly corrosive. Locally produced EN grade 1.4401 (type 316) was used together with high efficiency glass to create a distinctive look but also for durability. The study contains information and images describing on the stainless steel element, the design criteria and the performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Bridge in Cala Galdana, Menorca |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the Bridge in Cala Galdana on Menorca. The study contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the finished product after construction. The main structure of the bridge is duplex stainless steel (grade 1.4462) and comprises 2 parallel arches connecting to longitudinal and transverse beams that support a reinforced concrete deck. Stainless steel was chosen for its corrosion resistance and low maintenance.
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| Date | 2007 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es |
| Building Envelopes in Stainless Steel |
| Description | This resource is series of case studies around the world of different stainless steel building envelopes (facades and roofs). It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements. The design, grade and finish specification and construction method are also described. Examples are featured from residential, research, education, administration and commercial buildings and leisure centres. From this selection of buildings, the grades used are: EN 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4306 and 1.4301.
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| Date | 2004 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv |
| Cala Galdana Bridge |
| Description | The Cala Galdana Bridge crosses the Algendar River in Menorca. There are panoramic views of this popular beach-side holiday resort from the 55 m span, 13 m wide road bridge. The main structure of the bridge is entirely stainless steel and includes two parallel arches, two longitudinal beams and transverse beams supporting the deck. Reinforced concrete makes up the abutments at each end, which sit on piled foundations. The bridge, opened in 2005, was the first stainless steel road bridge in Europe.
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| Date | 2010 |
| Provider | Team Stainless |
| Download | En |
| Canary Islands Railings and Lampposts |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel srailings and lampposts found in the Canary Islands, built in the 1980’s. The elements are located on the coasts, therefore are exposed to high levels of sea salt, splashing and spraying making the area highly corrosive. EN grades 1.4401 (type 316) and 1.4462 (type 2205) were used with a smooth finish in order to ensure the clean, modern look that possesses high durability with little to no maintenance. The study contains information and images describing the stainless steel elements, design criteria and performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Cité Barbusse and Cité de la Motte Housing Estates in Aubervilliers |
| Description | This resource is a case study on two housing estates that were renovated with stamped stainless steel facade panels. It contains technical information, structural drawings and images that focus mainly on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria, the construction and the overall look after construction. In this project the panels were made to various lengths to accommodate the building variations. They demonstrate good insulation against noise, heat and cold and have aesthetically transformed the estates.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | En Fr |
| Composite Floor at Luxembourg Chamber of Commerce |
| Description | The new headquarters of the Chamber of Commerce of the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg was completed in 2004. It is located on the Kirchberg plateau of Luxembourg and comprises a fully renovated existing building of 5,000 m2 and new buildings providing an additional 20,000 m2 of office space. The new buildings form a succession of four distinct wings linked together by glass footbridges. They have a steel primary frame with glass and steel façades, and the floors are designed as composite slabs using stainless steel panels profiled in a sinusoidal shape. Within the composite floor slab, water-carrying plastic pipes are placed to provide heating and cooling through the exposed stainless steel ceilings, leading to significant energy savings.
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| Date | 2010 |
| Provider | Team Stainless |
| Download | En |
| Emergency Staircase Palazzo della Ragione in Milan, Italy |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the San Nicola Stadium, Bari, built for the 1990 Football World Cup. It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the finished product after construction. Stainless steel is used for the main column and stabilizing structures for the staircase. A welded stainless steel section is also used to support the glass steps that cantilever out.
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| Date | 2005 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En It |
| Erasmus Metro Station in Brussels |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the Erasmus Metro Station in Brussels. The study contains technical information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the finished product after construction. The station has a fiberglass membrane roof supported by stainless steel cables and fixings which connect to the primary steel structure. Stainless steel mesh (grade 1.4404) also forms the inward curving side panel façade and the station furniture.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Fr Nl |
| Glass Walkway in the Basilica of Aquileia, Italy |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the suspended Glass Walkway in the Basilica of Aquileia, Italy, built to allow visitors to view the ancient stone mosaic without causing damage. The study contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the finished product after construction. A stainless steel (grade 1.4401) support system consisting of a stirrup frame composed of steel flats that connects off cables that attach to the roof is used to suspend a glass walkway. Horizontal bracing is provided by stainless steel tensioning bars between the frame uprights and the steel-glass fixings, which include joints to minimize stress concentrations.
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| Date | 2005 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En It |
| Hong Kong Building Exteriors and Railways |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel exterior found on the Cheung Kong Centre in Hong Kong, built in 1999. The structure is located less than 1.6km from the harbor. Therefore it is exposed to sea salt in the air and rain, making the area highly corrosive. EN grade 1.4401 (type 316) was used for the wall panels with a fine No. 4 finish in order to ensure a unique look that possessed high durability. Rain and regular maintenance cleaning ensures contaminants and dirt is removed. The study contains information and images describing the stainless steel elements, design criteria and performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| London Underground Stations - Jubilee Line Extension |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the Jubilee Line Extension in London. It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel element, describing the design criteria, the construction and the finished product after construction. Grade 1.4401 curved roofs integrate gutters, leaning pads, cable barriers and seat support brackets. Grade 1.4432 was used for the ticket hall façades and doors.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | En |
| Minneapolis Stainless Steel Exterior Wall Panels and Window Frames |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel exterior found on the Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis, USA. The structure is located on a major road bridge where deicing salts are used making the area highly corrosive. EN grade 1.4401 (type 316) was used for the wall panels and window frames with a smooth No. 4 finish in order to ensure a unique look that possessed high durability and required little to no maintenance. The vertical finish grain orientation makes it easy for natural rain washing to remove salt. The study contains information and images describing on the stainless steel elements, design criteria and performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| New Meets Old - Stainless Steel in Renovation and Renewal |
| Description | This resource is a collection of case studies demonstrating the use of stainless steel to rehabilitate old structures to enhance function and improve Stainless steel is proving to be one of the most versatile materials in these projects due to its broad range of alloys available. Numerous case studies are presented from a wide range of applications; Historic buildings such as: Archaeological sites in Turkey (EN 1.4571, frame) and bold, innovative solutions on more modern buildings such as: Office in Finland (1.4301, frame), Visitors centre in Vienna (1.4301, ceiling), Former bunker in Netherlands (1.4404, exterior). Each case study provides information and images describing firstly the original structure and then the particular detail on the stainless steel elements used in the rehabilitation, describing the design criteria, benefits and dimensions of the stainless steel element.
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| Date | 2007 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv Tr |
| New York and Miami Light Poles |
| Description | This resource is an article comparing stainless steel lighting poles installed in 1967 on New York and Florida beaches. It contains information and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the performance of the finished product after construction. The process of grade selection is described in detail, considering the environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance. Jones beach in New York used grade 1.4401 which has retained a smooth finish without any maintenance. Miami beach in Florida used grade 1.4301 which has not retained a smooth finish and has been badly stained. This shows the beneficial effect of Molybdenum in stainless steels.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| New York Pier Railings |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel railings and seating in the Gantry State Plaza along the East River which separates Long Island and Manhattan Island. The railings are directly exposed to salt water spray and splashing making it a highly corrosive location. EN grade 1.4401 (type 316) was used for both applications with a rougher glass bead blasted finish and despite this rougher finish, the stainless steel has remained attractive and corrosion free. EN grade 1.4462 (type 2205) was specified for the elements in the splash zone which initially suffered from localized corrosion and so were replaced. The study contains information and images describing the stainless steel element, design criteria and performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Pedestrian Bridges in Stainless Steel |
| Description | This resource is series of case studies on stainless steel pedestrian bridges throughout the world. Each case study contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the structural stainless steel elements. The design, grade and finish specification and construction method are also described. The bridges included are: Girder Bridge in Stockholm, Helical bridge in London, Stress-ribbon bridge in Via Mala Gorge, Arch bridge in York, Girder bridge in Chivari, Arch bridge in Terni, Cable stayed bridge in London, Arch bridge in Andresy and Trough bridge in Bilbao. These bridges demonstrate the use of grades 1.4462, 1.4401 and 1.4404 for both structural and non structural elements.
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| Date | 2004 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv |
| Pittsburgh and Chicago Handrails and Street Furniture |
| Description | This resource is an article comparing stainless steel handrails and street furniture in Pittsburgh and Chicago in locations that are exposed to deicing salt. It contains information and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the performance of the finished product after construction. The process of grade selection is described, considering the environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance. Chicago used grade 1.4401 stainless steel which has remained in pristine condition while Pittsburgh used grade 1.4301 which lacks molybdenum and has thus degraded.
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| Date | 2007 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| San Nicola Stadium in Bari, Italy |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the San Nicola Stadium, Bari, built for the 1990 Football World Cup. It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria, the construction and the finished product after construction. Grade AISI 316L (1.4404) stainless steel provides the support structure for a cantilevered roof that is reaches out over the seating area. Tubes, plates and tie bars of various thicknesses create the necessary support for series of Teflon coated fiberglass membranes that cover the roof. Stainless steel was chosen because of its low maintenance and lack of pre-treatment after fabrication that allowed a shortened construction period.
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| Date | 2005 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | Cz De En It |
| Sao Paulo Building Exterior |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the stainless steel exterior found in the new South American headquarters in Sao Paulo, Brazil, built in 2002. The structure is located 80km from the coast but due to pollution emissions, the area is still considered severe for corrosion levels. EN grade 1.4401 (type 316) was used with 3 different smooth finishes: a black electrochemically coloured, a coined cambric finish and a polished finish. Regular washing is assumed. The study contains information and images describing the stainless steel element, design criteria and performance of the finished product since construction. Also presented is a stainless steel selection criteria which uses the case study as an example, it considers: environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Singapore Roofing |
| Description | This resource is a case study on stainless steel roofing in Singapore built in 1999. It contains information and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria and method, the construction and the performance of the finished product after construction. The process of grade selection is discussed, considering environment, salt exposure, weather, design and maintenance. The Singapore Turf Club, which is in a coastal location and exposed to urban pollution, used grade 1.4401 and 2D finish for a curved roof, entrance canopy and walkway covers. The roof used 6m wide undulating sections and allows for maintenance walkways that double for gutters.
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| Date | 2006 |
| Provider | IMOA |
| Download | En Es |
| Sony Centre in Berlin |
| Description | This resource is a case study on the Sony Centre in Potsdamer in Berlin. It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel element, describing the design criteria, the construction and the finished product after construction. Within the large complex, a standing seam roof of matt, abrasion-blasted stainless steel (grade 1.4404) protects an old hotel. The IMAX cinema is clad with stainless steel mesh wire and bars. The recurring façade element throughout the complex is stainless steel sheet (grade 1.4401) which is finely polished and brushed. Narrow bands of stainless steel sheets separate the storey height glass panels and stainless steel fixing points create structural connections between the glazing and the uprights in the frame.
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| Date | 2003 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En |
| Stainless Steel Facades |
| Description | This resource is a series of case studies demonstrating good use of stainless steel as exterior cladding on structures all over the world. Examples have been chosen to illustrate the different application in different environments. The structures are categorized ‘Education and Research’, ‘Museums and Galleries’, ‘Administration and Commercial Buildings’ and ‘Industrial Structures’. Each case study provides information and images describing the structure with particular detail on the function, benefits and dimensions of the stainless steel element. Also available on CDROM.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv |
| Stainless Steel for Rainwater Goods and Accessories |
| Description | This resource is a technical guide for designers using stainless steel in drainage systems. The advantages and disadvantages of different grades of stainless steel in drainage systems are discussed. The surface finishes available are considered (milled, brushed, matt, tin coated, annealed and coloured). Finally the guidelines for working with stainless steel are described – the tools used, forming, soldering, bonding and fixings.
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| Date | 2005 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | Cz De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv |
| Stainless Steel for Roofing |
| Description | This resource is collection of case studies demonstrating the application of stainless steel for roofing. The case studies are classified under 8 categories - Museums, Education establishments, Churches, Residential buildings, Sports facilities, Catering facilities, Administration buildings and Industrial structures. Each case study describes the stainless steel element in the structure, noting the design criteria, product form and finish used. Structural drawings of the stainless steel element are also given.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | De En Es Fi Fr It Nl Pl Sv |
| Stainless Steel Pipes for Buildings |
| Description | This resource provides information on the design, construction and maintenance of stainless steel piping. ‘The Basics’ describes the mechanical and physical properties of stainless steel. The ‘Design’ section covers: the uses, capacities, specification, horizontal and vertical piping, expansion and contraction, water hammer and corrosion. The ‘Construction’ section covers the: planning, transport handling and storage, cutting, bending, junctions and welding, joints, supporting and anchoring of pipes, coating and testing. The ‘Maintenance’ section covers the methods used, items to inspect, water quality control, types of water system, boilers and supply systems. Finally the ‘Reference’ section provides details of related standards, further information about corrosion in stainless steel and examples to demonstrate common problems.
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| Date | 1987 |
| Provider | Nickel Institute |
| Download | En |
| Stainless Steel Plumbing |
| Description | This resource provides a booklet of information tailored towards designers, plumbers, end-users and maintenance engineers interested in providing reliable potable water systems using stainless steel. Firstly the properties and corrosion resistance of stainless steels are described and shown to be significantly more resilient against high water velocities than copper piping. The techniques used to disinfect stainless steels are described. The tubing standards; BS 4127:1994 (light gauge steel) and BS 3605:1991 (austenitic steel) are considered. The types of stainless steel fittings available are presented and finally the fabrication and handling procedures for these fittings are described.
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| Date | 1997 |
| Provider | Nickel Institute |
| Download | En |
| Stainless Steels for Building Exteriors |
| Description | This resource is a series of 15 case studies that demonstrate stainless steel exteriors. Each case study provides images with the grade, finish and construction details of the exterior stainless steel element. Building categories include hospital, science centre, museum, rail maintenance facility, space needle, sports complex, diplomatic chancery, bank, and union hall.
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| Date | 1984 |
| Provider | Nickel Institute |
| Download | En |
| Stonecutters Bridge Towers |
| Description | Stonecutters Bridge, Hong Kong, is a cable stayed structure with a total length of 1596 m and a main span of 1018 m. Opened at the end of 2009, the bridge crosses the Rambler Channel and is the main entrance to the busy Kwai Chung Container Port. It is visible from many parts of Hong Kong Island and Kowloon. The most striking features of the bridge are the twin tapered mono towers at each end supporting the 50 m wide deck. These tapered towers rise to 295 m above sea level; the lower sections are reinforced concrete while the upper 115 m are composite sections with an outer stainless steel skin and a reinforced concrete core.
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| Date | 2010 |
| Provider | Team Stainless |
| Download | En |
| The Grande Arche Panoramic Lifts at La Défense |
| Description | This resource is a case study of the Grande Arche Panoramic lifts at La Défense, near Paris. It contains information, structural drawings and images that focus on the stainless steel elements, describing the design criteria, the construction and the finished product after construction. The lift shaft comprises a stainless steel structural frame that is designed to allow maximum transparency. A duuplex grade of stainless steel was used to provide high strength and stiffness with low thermal expansion.
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| Date | 2002 |
| Provider | Euro Inox |
| Download | En Fr |
| The Suitability and Use of Stainless Steel for Plumbing Applications |
| Description | This resource provides a synopsis of a research project carried out by the BSSA on the suitability of stainless steel tube and fitting products for internal building plumbing applications. The material, environmental, economic and aesthetic benefits of stainless steels in plumbing applications are outlined and the use of stainless steel plumbing in Scottish hospitals reviewed. European regulations are summarized, before a discussion on the market place perceptions of stainless steels and cost analysis is discussed. It is concluded that stainless steel is particularly suited to large-scale plumbing installations, such as hospitals, childrens and old peoples homes, prisons, schools and hotels, where health and safety are prime considerations.
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| Date | 2003 |
| Provider | BSSA |
| Download | En |
| Timeless Stainless Steel Architecture |
| Description | This resource is a series of case studies demonstrating exterior stainless steel applications on 16 noteworthy buildings in five countries (US, UK, Canada, Germany and New Zealand) that have stood the test of time. Buildings and structures built between 1929 and 1985 are described with at least one example from every decade. Each case study contains structural drawing, images and the stainless steel specification and finish. They represent a range of applications and service environments. Some have had regular maintenance and others have had none. All illustrate the exceptional long-term performance and cost-effectiveness of stainless steel architecture.
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| Date | 2001 |
| Provider | Nickel Institute |
| Download | En |
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